بررسی و تحلیل تابع تقاضا و رفتار مصرفی خانوارهای شهری کشور
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت بازرگانی
محمدعلی متفکر آزاد
1
(استادیار گروه اقتصاد دانشگاه تبریز)
حبیب آقاجانی
2
(کارشناس ارشد اقتصاد- عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی اسکو)
کاظم امجدی
3
(کارشناس ارشد اقتصاد- عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تبریز)
کلید واژه: رفتار مصرفی, تابع تقاضا, AIDS, سیستم تقاضای تقریباً ایده آل, خانوارهای شهری,
چکیده مقاله :
در این مقاله،رفتار مصرفی خانوارهای مناطق شهری کشور ایران طی دوره 1358-1380 با استفاده از الگوی سیستم تقاضای تقریباً ایده آل مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفته است.کالاهای مورد بررسی پنج گروه عمده هزینه شامل " خوراکیها، آشامیدنیها و دخانیات" ، "پوشاک و کفش" ، " مسکن و سوخت و روشنایی" ،" لوازم و اثاثه منزل" و " سایر کالاها و خدمات" می باشد.برای بررسی رفتار مصرفی خانوارهای شهری از تابع تقاضا ی تقریبا ایده آل ( AIDS) استفاده شده است. برآورد سیستم مزبور به روش رگرسیون به ظاهر غیرمرتبط (SUR) صورت گرفته است. پس از برآورد این مدل برای گروههای کالایی مختلف خانوارهای شهری کشور، کششهای قیمتی خودی و متقاطع و درآمدی محاسبه گردیده است. نتایج حاصل از آزمون فرضیه ها نشان می دهد فرضیه های همگنی دال بر نبود توهم پولی مصرف کنندگان ، تاثیرپذیری سبد مصرفی خانوار از تغییرات نسبی قیمت ، ضروری بودن گروه کالایی " خوراکیها، آشامیدنیها و دخانیات" و " لوازم و اثاثه " ، تطبیق ضرایب خودی قیمت با تئوری تقاضا مورد تایید قرار گرفته و فرضیه تقارن (در مورد تاثیر متقاطع قیمتها) رد می شود.
In this paper, the consumption behavior of the Urbanal households of the country in Iran has been studied over 1358-1380 through “Almost Ideal Demand System” model. The articles studied in five main groups include “foods, drinks and tobacco products”, “clothing and shoes”, “residence, fuel and electricity”, and “other goods and services”. To study the consumption behavior of city households, Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) has been used. The estimation of the mentioned system has been performed by SUR method. After estimating this model for various article groups of the country urban households, the related, intersecting and income price elasticity has been calculated. The results obtained from hypotheses test show that the homogeneous hypotheses denoting the lack of users’ monetary suspicion, impressibility of household consumption basket by the relative changes of prices, the necessity of article group of " food, drink and tobacco products " and " furniture ", the concordance of price related coefficients with the demand theory has been verified and the conjunction hypothesis (on the intersection effect of prices) is rejected.
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Balancifori, L. & Green, R. )1983(. “An Almost Ideal Demand System Incorporating Habits”, Review of Economics and Statistics, 65, 511-515.
Deaton, A.S. & Muellbauer, J. )1980(. “An Almost Ideal Demand System”, American Economic Review, 10, 312-326.
Filippini, M. )1995(. “ Swiss Residential Demand for Eectricity by Time-of-Use: An Application of the Almost Ideal Demand System”, The Energy Journal, 1(16).
Fulponi, L. 1989. “ The Almost Ideal Demand System: An Application to food and Meat Grops for France”, Journal of Agricultural Economics, 40, 82-92.
Ghanbari, A. (1993). Model of Meat Supply and Demand in Iran, Phd Thesis, Tehran: Tarbiat Modares University, (In Persian).
Honma, M. )1993(. “ Growth in Horticultural Trad: Japan’s Market for Developing Countries”, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2, 37-51.
Khosrowinezhad, A. (1992). Estimation of Linear Demand Expenditure System for Urban Households in Iran. Master Thesis, Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University, (In Persian).
Mohammadzadeh, P. (1999). Estimation of Food Demand in the Urban Community of Iran: Approximately Ideal Demand System Analysis. Master's Thesis, Tehran: Allameh Tabatabaei University, (In Persian).
Molina, J. A. )1994(. “Food Demand in Spain: An Application of the Almost Ideal Demand System”, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 45, 252-58.
Panahi, A, )1997(. Analysis of Consumer Behavior in Urban Areas: Application of the Nearly Ideal Demand System, Case of Iran. Barnameh Va Bodgeh Magazineو 28, 82-57, (In Persian).
Pollak, R. A. & Walles, T. J. )1969(. Estimation of Linear Expenditure System”, Econometrica, 4(37).
Ray. R. )1980(. “Analysis of Time Series of Household Expenditure Surveys for India”, Reveiew of Economic and Statistic, 62, 595-602.
Souri, D., & Mashayekh Ahangari, P. (1998). Estimation of the Demand Study System Considering the Role of Household Social Characteristics. Business Survey, 6, 146-109, (In Persian).
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Abdoli, G. (1996). Estimation of Bread Demand in Iran and Calculation of its Price and Income Elasticities. Master Thesis, Tehran: University of Tehran, (In Persian).
Balancifori, L. & Green, R. )1983(. “An Almost Ideal Demand System Incorporating Habits”, Review of Economics and Statistics, 65, 511-515.
Deaton, A.S. & Muellbauer, J. )1980(. “An Almost Ideal Demand System”, American Economic Review, 10, 312-326.
Filippini, M. )1995(. “ Swiss Residential Demand for Eectricity by Time-of-Use: An Application of the Almost Ideal Demand System”, The Energy Journal, 1(16).
Fulponi, L. 1989. “ The Almost Ideal Demand System: An Application to food and Meat Grops for France”, Journal of Agricultural Economics, 40, 82-92.
Ghanbari, A. (1993). Model of Meat Supply and Demand in Iran, Phd Thesis, Tehran: Tarbiat Modares University, (In Persian).
Honma, M. )1993(. “ Growth in Horticultural Trad: Japan’s Market for Developing Countries”, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2, 37-51.
Khosrowinezhad, A. (1992). Estimation of Linear Demand Expenditure System for Urban Households in Iran. Master Thesis, Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University, (In Persian).
Mohammadzadeh, P. (1999). Estimation of Food Demand in the Urban Community of Iran: Approximately Ideal Demand System Analysis. Master's Thesis, Tehran: Allameh Tabatabaei University, (In Persian).
Molina, J. A. )1994(. “Food Demand in Spain: An Application of the Almost Ideal Demand System”, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 45, 252-58.
Panahi, A, )1997(. Analysis of Consumer Behavior in Urban Areas: Application of the Nearly Ideal Demand System, Case of Iran. Barnameh Va Bodgeh Magazineو 28, 82-57, (In Persian).
Pollak, R. A. & Walles, T. J. )1969(. Estimation of Linear Expenditure System”, Econometrica, 4(37).
Ray. R. )1980(. “Analysis of Time Series of Household Expenditure Surveys for India”, Reveiew of Economic and Statistic, 62, 595-602.
Souri, D., & Mashayekh Ahangari, P. (1998). Estimation of the Demand Study System Considering the Role of Household Social Characteristics. Business Survey, 6, 146-109, (In Persian).